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<title>Val Fitch</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Val Fitch</span></h1>

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<p><b>Val Logsdon Fitch</b> (* <a href="10._M%C3%A4rz" title="10. März">10. März</a> <a href="1923" title="1923">1923</a> in Merriman, <a href="Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>; † <a href="5._Februar" title="5. Februar">5. Februar</a> <a href="2015" title="2015">2015</a> in <a href="Princeton_(New_Jersey)" title="Princeton (New Jersey)">Princeton</a>, <a href="New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) war ein <a href="Vereinigte_Staaten" title="Vereinigte Staaten">US-amerikanischer</a> Elementarteilchenphysiker.

</p><p>Fitch erhielt 1980 zusammen mit <a href="James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">James Cronin</a> den <a href="Physik" title="Physik">Physik</a>-<a href="Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis">Nobelpreis</a> „für die Entdeckung von Verletzungen fundamentaler Symmetrieprinzipien im Zerfall von neutralen <a href="K-Meson" class="mw-redirect" title="K-Meson">K-Mesonen</a>“, das heißt die Entdeckung der <a href="CP-Verletzung" title="CP-Verletzung">CP-Verletzung</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben">Leben</h2></div>

<p>Sein Vater hatte eine Rinderranch, musste diese aber nach einem Reitunfall aufgeben und ging ins nahegelegene <a href="Gordon_(Nebraska)" title="Gordon (Nebraska)">Gordon</a>, wo er in der Versicherungsbranche arbeitete. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg arbeitete Fitch (der gerade sein Studium begonnen hatte) am <a href="Manhattan_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a> in <a href="Los_Alamos_(New_Mexico)" title="Los Alamos (New Mexico)">Los Alamos</a> im Labor von <a href="Ernest_Titterton" title="Ernest Titterton">Ernest Titterton</a> (1916–1990). Er erhielt 1948 seinen Bachelor-Abschluss in Elektrotechnik an der <a href="McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a> und promovierte in Physik an der <a href="Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> im Jahre 1954 bei <a href="James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">James Rainwater</a>. In seiner Dissertation maß er die Gammastrahlung von <a href="Myon" title="Myon">myonischen</a> Atomen.

</p><p>Seit 1960 war er Professor an der <a href="Universit%C3%A4t_Princeton" class="mw-redirect" title="Universität Princeton">Universität Princeton</a>. Hier verlagerte sich sein Interesse auf <a href="Kaon" title="Kaon">K-Mesonen</a>. Im Jahr 1964 führte Fitch mit <a href="James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">James Cronin</a>, <a href="Ren%C3%A9_Turlay" title="René Turlay">René Turlay</a> und <a href="James_H._Christenson" title="James H. Christenson">James H. Christenson</a> eine Reihe von Experimenten durch, bei der sie eine Verletzung der <a href="CP-Verletzung" title="CP-Verletzung">CP-Invarianz</a> beim Zerfall von neutralen K-Mesonen entdeckten.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>1960 wurde er <a href="Sloan_Research_Fellowship" title="Sloan Research Fellowship">Sloan Research Fellow</a>. Er war seit 1966 Mitglied der <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sowie der <a href="American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1995 wurde er zum Mitglied der <a href="American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> gewählt.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Er hatte zwei Söhne aus erster Ehe (seine Frau starb 1972) und heiratete 1976 erneut, wobei seine Frau drei Kinder mit in die Ehe brachte.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auszeichnungen">Auszeichnungen</h2></div>

<ul><li>1968: <a href="Ernest-Orlando-Lawrence-Preis" title="Ernest-Orlando-Lawrence-Preis">Ernest-Orlando-Lawrence-Preis</a></li>

<li>1976: <a href="John_Price_Wetherill_Medal" title="John Price Wetherill Medal">John Price Wetherill Medal</a></li>

<li>1980: <a href="Nobelpreis_f%C3%BCr_Physik" title="Nobelpreis für Physik">Nobelpreis für Physik</a></li>

<li>1993: <a href="National_Medal_of_Science" title="National Medal of Science">National Medal of Science</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Val_Logsdon_Fitch?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Val Logsdon Fitch</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1980/summary/">Informationen</a> der <a href="Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis">Nobelstiftung</a> zur Preisverleihung 1980 an Val Fitch (englisch)</li>

<li>A. J. Stewart Smith, James W. Cronin, Pierre Piroué: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Val L. Fitch 1923–2015: A Biographical Memoir</cite>. 2016 (englisch, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/fitch-val.pdf">nasonline.org</a> [PDF]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Val+Fitch&rft.au=A.+J.+Stewart+Smith%2C+James+W.+Cronin%2C+Pierre+Pirou%C3%A9&rft.btitle=Val+L.+Fitch+1923-2015%3A+A+Biographical+Memoir&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=book" style="display:none"> </span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.aip.org/phn/11509012.html"><i>Val L. Fitch.</i></a> In: <i>Physics History Network.</i> American Institute of Physics (englisch)<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li>

<li>Dennis Overbye: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/11/us/val-fitch-who-discovered-universe-to-be-out-of-balance-is-dead-at-91.html"><i>Val Fitch, Who Discovered Universe to Be Out of Balance, Is Dead at 91.</i></a> Nachruf in <a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> vom 10. Februar 2015 (englisch)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S42/32/62C77/index.xml?section=topstories"><i>Nobel laureate and Princeton physicist Val Fitch dies at age 91.</i></a> Auf: <i>Princeton.edu.</i> 6. Februar 2015.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. H. Christenson, J. Cronin, V. Fitch, R. Turlay: <i>Evidence for the <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2\pi }">

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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2\pi }</annotation>

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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/73efd1f6493490b058097060a572606d2c550a06.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.494ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2\pi }" loading="lazy"></span> decay of the <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{2}^{0}}">

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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{2}^{0}}</annotation>

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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/86d8f24de2e1f0a4cdfd4c79fd29f595dd84f628.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:3.148ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{2}^{0}}" loading="lazy"></span> meson</i>, Phys. Rev. Lett., Band 13, 1964, S. 138–140</span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/55728.html"><i>Val L. Fitch.</i></a> nasonline.org,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 29. März 2019</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AVal+Fitch&rft.title=Val+L.+Fitch&rft.description=Val+L.+Fitch&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasonline.org%2Fmember-directory%2Fdeceased-members%2F55728.html&rft.publisher=nasonline.org&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/multimedia/pdfs/publications/bookofmembers/electionIndex1950-1999.pdf"><i>Members of the American Academy.</i></a> Listed by election year, 1950-1999. American Academy of Arts and Sciences,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. Januar 2016</span> (englisch, PDF-Datei).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AVal+Fitch&rft.title=Members+of+the+American+Academy&rft.description=Members+of+the+American+Academy&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fmultimedia%2Fpdfs%2Fpublications%2Fbookofmembers%2FelectionIndex1950-1999.pdf&rft.publisher=American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.language=englisch"> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Val+L.+Fitch&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced"><i>Member History: Val L. Fitch.</i></a> American Philosophical Society,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 6. August 2018</span> (englisch, mit Biographie).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AVal+Fitch&rft.title=Member+History%3A+Val+L.+Fitch&rft.description=Member+History%3A+Val+L.+Fitch&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3DVal%2BL.%2BFitch%26title%3D%26subject%3D%26subdiv%3D%26mem%3D%26year%3D%26year-max%3D%26dead%3D%26keyword%3D%26smode%3Dadvanced&rft.publisher=American+Philosophical+Society&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

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<div class="klappleiste-kopf"><a href="Liste_der_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_f%C3%BCr_Physik" title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physik">Träger des Nobelpreises für Physik</a></div>

<p>1901: <a href="Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a> |

1902: <a href="Hendrik_Antoon_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Antoon Lorentz">Lorentz</a>, <a href="Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> |

1903: <a href="Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a>, <a href="Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a>, <a href="Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a> |

1904: <a href="John_Strutt%2C_3._Baron_Rayleigh" title="John Strutt, 3. Baron Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a> |

1905: <a href="Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> |

1906: <a href="Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a> |

1907: <a href="Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a> |

1908: <a href="Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> |

1909: <a href="Ferdinand_Braun" title="Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a>, <a href="Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> |

1910: <a href="Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> |

1911: <a href="Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> |

1912: <a href="Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> |

1913: <a href="Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a> |

1914: <a href="Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a> |

1915: <a href="William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a>, <a href="William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a> |

1916: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1917: <a href="Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> |

1918: <a href="Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> |

1919: <a href="Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> |

1920: <a href="Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> |

1921: <a href="Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> |

1922: <a href="Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> |

1923: <a href="Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a> |

1924: <a href="Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a> |

1925: <a href="James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a>, <a href="Gustav_Hertz" title="Gustav Hertz">Hertz</a> |

1926: <a href="Jean_Perrin" title="Jean Perrin">Perrin</a> |

1927: <a href="Arthur_Holly_Compton" title="Arthur Holly Compton">Compton</a>, <a href="Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C. T. R. Wilson</a> |

1928: <a href="Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O. W. Richardson</a> |

1929: <a href="Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">de Broglie</a> |

1930: <a href="C._V._Raman" title="C. V. Raman">Raman</a> |

1931: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1932: <a href="Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> |

1933: <a href="Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a>, <a href="Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> |

1934: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1935: <a href="James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> |

1936: <a href="Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. D. Anderson</a> |

1937: <a href="Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a>, <a href="George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">G. P. Thomson</a> |

1938: <a href="Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> |

1939: <a href="Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> |

1940–1942: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1943: <a href="Otto_Stern_(Physiker)" title="Otto Stern (Physiker)">Stern</a> |

1944: <a href="Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> |

1945: <a href="Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> |

1946: <a href="Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> |

1947: <a href="Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> |

1948: <a href="Patrick_Blackett%2C_Baron_Blackett" title="Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett">Blackett</a> |

1949: <a href="Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> |

1950: <a href="Cecil_Powell" title="Cecil Powell">Powell</a> |

1951: <a href="John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a>, <a href="Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> |

1952: <a href="Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> |

1953: <a href="Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> |

1954: <a href="Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a>, <a href="Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> |

1955: <a href="Willis_Eugene_Lamb" title="Willis Eugene Lamb">Lamb</a>, <a href="Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> |

1956: <a href="William_Bradford_Shockley" title="William Bradford Shockley">Shockley</a>, <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> |

1957: <a href="Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a>, <a href="Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T.-D. Lee</a> |

1958: <a href="Pawel_Alexejewitsch_Tscherenkow" title="Pawel Alexejewitsch Tscherenkow">Tscherenkow</a>, <a href="Ilja_Michailowitsch_Frank" title="Ilja Michailowitsch Frank">Frank</a>, <a href="Igor_Jewgenjewitsch_Tamm" title="Igor Jewgenjewitsch Tamm">Tamm</a> |

1959: <a href="Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a>, <a href="Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> |

1960: <a href="Donald_Arthur_Glaser" title="Donald Arthur Glaser">Glaser</a> |

1961: <a href="Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a>, <a href="Rudolf_M%C3%B6%C3%9Fbauer" title="Rudolf Mößbauer">Mößbauer</a> |

1962: <a href="Lew_Dawidowitsch_Landau" title="Lew Dawidowitsch Landau">Landau</a> |

1963: <a href="Eugene_Paul_Wigner" title="Eugene Paul Wigner">Wigner</a>, <a href="Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a>, <a href="Johannes_Hans_Daniel_Jensen" title="Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen">Jensen</a> |

1964: <a href="Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a>, <a href="Nikolai_Gennadijewitsch_Bassow" title="Nikolai Gennadijewitsch Bassow">Bassow</a>, <a href="Alexander_Michailowitsch_Prochorow" title="Alexander Michailowitsch Prochorow">Prochorow</a> |

1965: <a href="Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a>, <a href="Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger">Schwinger</a>, <a href="Shin%E2%80%99ichir%C5%8D_Tomonaga" title="Shin’ichirō Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a> |

1966: <a href="Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> |

1967: <a href="Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> |

1968: <a href="Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a> |

1969: <a href="Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> |

1970: <a href="Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a>, <a href="Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a> |

1971: <a href="Dennis_G%C3%A1bor" title="Dennis Gábor">Gábor</a> |

1972: <a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="Leon_Neil_Cooper" title="Leon Neil Cooper">Cooper</a>, <a href="John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> |

1973: <a href="Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a>, <a href="Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a>, <a href="Brian_David_Josephson" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a> |

1974: <a href="Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a>, <a href="Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> |

1975: <a href="Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">A. N. Bohr</a>, <a href="Ben_Mottelson" title="Ben Mottelson">Mottelson</a>, <a href="James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> |

1976: <a href="Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a>, <a href="Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">Ting</a> |

1977: <a href="Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">P. W. Anderson</a>, <a href="Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a>, <a href="John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">Van Vleck</a> |

1978: <a href="Pjotr_Leonidowitsch_Kapiza" title="Pjotr Leonidowitsch Kapiza">Kapiza</a>, <a href="Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias">Penzias</a>, <a href="Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R. W. Wilson</a> |

1979: <a href="Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a>, <a href="Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a>, <a href="Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> |

1980: <a href="James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fitch</a> |

1981: <a href="Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a>, <a href="Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow">Schawlow</a>, <a href="Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">K. Siegbahn</a> |

1982: <a href="Kenneth_Wilson" title="Kenneth Wilson">K. Wilson</a> |

1983: <a href="Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a> |

1984: <a href="Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a>, <a href="Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> |

1985: <a href="Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> |

1986: <a href="Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a>, <a href="Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a>, <a href="Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> |

1987: <a href="Georg_Bednorz" title="Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a>, <a href="Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a> |

1988: <a href="Leon_Max_Lederman" title="Leon Max Lederman">Lederman</a>, <a href="Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a>, <a href="Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> |

1989: <a href="Wolfgang_Paul_(Physiker)" title="Wolfgang Paul (Physiker)">Paul</a>, <a href="Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a>, <a href="Norman_Ramsey" title="Norman Ramsey">Ramsey</a> |

1990: <a href="Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a>, <a href="Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="Richard_Edward_Taylor" title="Richard Edward Taylor">R. E. Taylor</a> |

1991: <a href="Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> |

1992: <a href="Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> |

1993: <a href="Russell_Hulse" title="Russell Hulse">Hulse</a>, <a href="Joseph_Hooton_Taylor%2C_Jr." title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">J. H. Taylor</a> |

1994: <a href="Bertram_Brockhouse" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a>, <a href="Clifford_Shull" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> |

1995: <a href="Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> |

1996: <a href="David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">D. M. Lee</a>, <a href="Douglas_Dean_Osheroff" title="Douglas Dean Osheroff">Osheroff</a>, <a href="Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R. C. Richardson</a> |

1997: <a href="Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a>, <a href="Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a>, <a href="William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a> |

1998: <a href="Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a>, <a href="Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a>, <a href="Daniel_Chee_Tsui" title="Daniel Chee Tsui">Tsui</a> |

1999: <a href="Gerard_%E2%80%99t_Hooft" title="Gerard ’t Hooft">’t Hooft</a>, <a href="Martinus_J._G._Veltman" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a> |

2000: <a href="Schores_Iwanowitsch_Alfjorow" title="Schores Iwanowitsch Alfjorow">Alfjorow</a>, <a href="Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a>, <a href="Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> |

2001: <a href="Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a>, <a href="Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a>, <a href="Carl_Edwin_Wieman" title="Carl Edwin Wieman">Wieman</a> |

2002: <a href="Raymond_Davis_junior" title="Raymond Davis junior">Davis Jr.</a>, <a href="Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a>, <a href="Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> |

2003: <a href="Alexei_Alexejewitsch_Abrikossow" title="Alexei Alexejewitsch Abrikossow">Abrikossow</a>, <a href="Witali_Lasarewitsch_Ginsburg" title="Witali Lasarewitsch Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a>, <a href="Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a> |

2004: <a href="David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a>, <a href="David_Politzer" title="David Politzer">Politzer</a>, <a href="Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> |

2005: <a href="Roy_Jay_Glauber" title="Roy Jay Glauber">Glauber</a>, <a href="John_Lewis_Hall" title="John Lewis Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="Theodor_H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor Hänsch">Hänsch</a> |

2006: <a href="John_Cromwell_Mather" title="John Cromwell Mather">Mather</a>, <a href="George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a> |

2007: <a href="Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a>, <a href="Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> |

2008: <a href="Y%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Nambu" title="Yōichirō Nambu">Nambu</a>, <a href="Makoto_Kobayashi_(Physiker)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (Physiker)">Kobayashi</a>, <a href="Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa">Maskawa</a> |

2009: <a href="Charles_Kuen_Kao" title="Charles Kuen Kao">Kao</a>, <a href="Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a>, <a href="George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> |

2010: <a href="Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a>, <a href="Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a> |

2011: <a href="Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a>, <a href="Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">Schmidt</a>, <a href="Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> |

2012: <a href="Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a>, <a href="David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a> |

2013: <a href="Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a>, <a href="Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> |

2014: <a href="Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a>, <a href="Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a>, <a href="Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> |

2015: <a href="Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a>, <a href="Arthur_McDonald" title="Arthur McDonald">McDonald</a> |

2016: <a href="David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a>, <a href="F._Duncan_M._Haldane" title="F. Duncan M. Haldane">Haldane</a>, <a href="J._Michael_Kosterlitz" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a> |

2017: <a href="Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a>, <a href="Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a>, <a href="Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> |

2018: <a href="Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a>, <a href="G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a>, <a href="Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a> |

2019: <a href="James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a>, <a href="Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a>, <a href="Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a> |

2020: <a href="Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a>, <a href="Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a>, <a href="Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a> |

2021: <a href="Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a>, <a href="Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a>, <a href="Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a> |

2022: <a href="Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a>, <a href="John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a>, <a href="Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a> |

2023: <a href="Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a>, <a href="Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a>, <a href="Anne_L%E2%80%99Huillier" title="Anne L’Huillier">L’Huillier</a> |

2024: <a href="John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a>, <a href="Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> |

2025: <a href="John_Clarke_(Physiker)" title="John Clarke (Physiker)">Clarke</a>, <a href="Michel_Devoret" title="Michel Devoret">Devoret</a>, <a href="John_M._Martinis" title="John M. Martinis">Martinis</a>

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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1066610959">1066610959</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n97065110">n97065110</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/11592112/">11592112</a></span> | </div>

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